Citation guides

Every Canadian citation style, one click away.

Ten plain-English guides for the styles Canadian professors actually mark for - with in-text examples, reference-list templates, and quick-rule lists.

APA 7
APA 7 Citation Guide for Canadian Students (2026)

APA 7 uses an author-date in-text format: (Smith, 2024, p. 14). The reference list is alphabetical with a hanging indent and full https DOIs. Student papers drop the running head and include title, author, affiliation, course, instructor, and date on the title page.

MLA 9
MLA 9 Citation Guide for Canadian English and Humanities Courses

MLA 9 uses an author-page in-text format: (Atwood 47). Works Cited entries follow the container model with hanging indent. Papers use one-inch margins, double spacing, and a top-right header with the student's last name and page number on every page.

Chicago (Author-Date)
Chicago Author-Date Citation Guide for Canadian Students

Chicago Author-Date uses (Author Year, page) in text and an alphabetical reference list with hanging indents. The system is common in Canadian history, religious studies, and some social sciences. Chicago Notes-Bibliography is the alternative when footnotes are required.

IEEE
IEEE Citation Guide for Canadian Engineering Students

IEEE numbers references in order of first appearance: [1], [2], [3]. The reference list is in citation order, not alphabetical. Each entry includes author initials, title in quotes, journal or conference in italics, volume, issue, pages, year, and a DOI when available.

Vancouver
Vancouver Citation Guide for Canadian Nursing and Medical Students

Vancouver numbers references sequentially with superscript or bracketed numbers. The reference list is in citation order with abbreviated journal titles per the NLM Catalog. Author names use last name first with initials, listing up to six authors before switching to 'et al.'.

Harvard
Harvard Citation Guide for Canadian Business Programs

Harvard uses an author-year in-text style: (Smith, 2024) or Smith (2024). The reference list is alphabetical with a hanging indent. Canadian business programs often use a Cite Them Right variant - confirm the school's house style before drafting.

AMA
AMA Citation Guide for Canadian Medical Programs

AMA uses superscript numbers in text and a numbered reference list in citation order. Author names list initials after surname, up to six authors before 'et al.'. Journal titles are abbreviated per the NLM Catalog. AMA is common in Canadian medical and public-health writing.

ASA
ASA Citation Guide for Canadian Sociology Students

ASA uses an author-date in-text format: (Smith 2024:47). The reference list is alphabetical with hanging indent. ASA is the default in many Canadian sociology departments, especially for empirical papers and quantitative work.

ACS
ACS Citation Guide for Canadian Chemistry Students

ACS supports three in-text systems: superscript numbers, italic numbers in parentheses, or author-year. The reference list matches the chosen system. Most Canadian chemistry programs default to superscript numbering with a numbered reference list in citation order.

OSCOLA (Canadian variant)
OSCOLA and Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation

Canadian law students use the Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (the McGill Guide) - footnotes-based, with cases cited as Party v Party, year, citation, jurisdiction. OSCOLA is occasionally accepted in comparative or international law papers but is not the Canadian default.

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